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Monday 30 May 2011
GOA
GOA:
Goa is India's smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population Located in South West India in the region Known as the Konkan, it is bounded by the state of Maharastra to the north, and by Karnataka to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its Western coast.Goa is India's richest state with a GDP per capita two and half times that of the country as a whole[3].It was ranked the best placed state bye the Elventh Finance Commision for its infrastructure and ranked on top for the best quality of life in India by the National Commission on population based on the 12 Indicators.[3]
PANAJI
Panaji is the state's capital, while Vasco da Gama is the largest city.The historic city of Margo still exhibits the cultural influence of the Portuguese, who first landed in the early 16th century as merchants and conquered it soon thereafter. The Portuguese overseas territory of Portuguese India existed for about 450 years until it was annexed by India in 1961[4][5].
Reowned for its beaches, places of worship and world heritage architecture, Goa is visited by large numbers of international and domestic tourists each year. It also has rich flora and fauna, owing to its location on the Western Ghats range, which is classified as a biodiversity hotspot contents
Etymology:
The name Goa came to European languauges from the portuguese, but its precise origin is unclear.In ancient literature, Goa was Known by many names such as Gomanta,Gomanchala, Gopakapattam,Gopakapuri,Govapuri,Govem, and Gomantak.The inian epic Mahabharata refers to the area now known as Goa, as Goparashtra or Govarashtra which means a nation of cowhers.Gopakapuri or Gopakapattanam were used in some ancient Sanskrit texts, and these names were also mentioned in other scared Hindu texts such as the Harivasa and the Skanda Purana.In the latter,Goa is also known as Aparantha, and is mentioned by the Greek geographer Ptolemy.The Greeks referred to Goa as Nelkinda in the 13th century. Some other historical names for Goa are Sindapur,Sandabur. and Mahassapatam.
HISTORY:
Goa's history stretches back to 8000-6000 BC.Early Paleolithic and Mesolithic rock art engraving have been found on the bank of river Kushavati at Usgalimal.Petroglyphs,cones,stone-axe,choppers dating back 10,000 years back have been found in many places in goa like Kaxur Mauxim and the Mandovi-Zuari basin Paleolithic cave existance is seen at Dabolim,Adkon,Shigoa,Fatorpa,Arli,Maulinguinim,Diwar,Sanguem,Pilerne,Aquem-Margoan etc.Difficulty in carbon dating the laterite rock compunds poses problems in determination of exact time period.These discoveries have shed light on Goa's prehistory.
Gold coins issued by the Kadamba king of Goa,Shivachitta Pramadideva.Circa 1147-1187 AD.
The Sumerians inhabited Goa around 220BC which was followed by several waves of Indo-Aryan people and the Dravidians from the Deccan.The early Goan society underwent radical changes when aboriginal locals and the migrants amalgamated,forming the base of early culture.
In 3rd century BC, it formed part of the Mauryan Empire,ruled by the Buddhist emperor,Ashoka of Magadha.Buddhist monks laid the foundation of Buddhism in Goa.Between the 2nd century BCE and the 6th century CE,Goa was ruled by the Chutus of Karwar as feudatories of the Satavahanas of Kolhapur(2nd century BCE to the 2nd Century CE), Western Kshatrapas(around 150CE), the Abhiras of Western Maharashtra,Bhojas of the Yadav clans of Gujarat, and the Konkan Mauryas of feudatories of the Kalachuris.
The rule later passed on to the Chalukyas of Badami, Who controlled it between 578 to 753, and later the Rashtrakutas of Malkhed from 753 to 963.However from 765 to 1015, the southern Silharas of Konkan ruled Goa as the feudatories of the Chalukyas and the Rashtrkutas over the next few centuries,Goa was successive ruled by the Kadambas as the feudatories of Chalukyas of Kalyani.They patronised Jainism in Goa.
In 1312,Goa came under the governance of the Delhi sultanate.However,the kingdom's grip on the region was weak, and by 1370 they were forced to surrneder it to Harihars-I of the Viajanagara empire.The Vijayanagara monarchs held on to the territory until 1469,when it was appropriated by the Bahmani sultans of Gulbarga.Afrer that dynasty crumbled, the area fell to the hands of Adil Shahis of Bijapur who established as their auxiliary capital the city known under the Portuguese as Velha Goa.
The Cathedral at Old Goa, an example of Portguese influnece
Coat of Arms of Goa as a Portuguese enclave 1935-1961
In 1510, the Portuguese defeated the ruling Bijapur kings with the help of lacal ally,Timayya,leading to the establishment of permanent settlement in Velha Goa(or Old Goa).
In 1843 the capital was moved to Panjim from Velha Goa. By the mid-18tj century the area under occupation had expanded to most of Goa's present day state limits.Simulataneously the Portuguese lost other Possessions in India until their borders stabilised and formed the Estado da India Portuguesa,Which Goa was the largest territory.
After India gained independence from the British in 1947,Portugal refused to negotiate with India on the transfer of sovereignty of their Indian enclaves.on 12 December 1961,the Indian Army commenced with Operation Vijay resulting in the annexation of Goa,Daman and Diu into the Indian Union.Goa, along with Daman and Diu was made into a centrally administered Union Territory of India On 30 May 1987,the Union Territory was split, and Goa was made India's twenty-fifth state,with Daman and Diu remaining Union Territories.
Goa's main rivers are the Mandovi,the Zuari,the Terekhol,Chapora River and the Sal.The Mormugoa harbour on the mouth of the River Zuari is one of the best natural harbours in SouthAsia.The Zuari and the Mandovi are the lifetimes of Goa,with their tributaries draining 69% of its geographic area.These rivers are some of the busiest rivers in India.Goa has more than forty estuarine,eight marine and about ninety riverine islands.The total navigable lenght of GOa's rivers is 253km(157miles).Goa has more than three hundred ancient tanks built during the rule of the Kadamba dynasty over hundred medicinal springs.
Air
Goa's sole airport,the Dabolim Airport,is both a military and civilian airport catering to domestic and international airlines that stop en route to other Indian destinations.Goa receives international flights from Qatar,Dubai,sharjah and Kuwait in the Middle East and from Britain,Germany,netherlands and Russia during the charter flight tourist season.Dabolim Airport is serviced and Russis during the charter flight tourist season.Dublin Airport is serviced by the following carriers-Air Arabia,Indian Airlines,Kingfisher Airlines,Go Air,SpiceJet,Jet Airways,Quatar Airways,besides charter flights from the UK,Netherlands,Russia,Germany operated by Thomas cook,Condor,Arkefly,Monarch Airlines etc.
Road:
Goa had two National Highways passing through it.NH-17 runs along India's west coast and links Goa to Mumbai in the north and Mangalore to the south NH-4A running across the state connects the capital Panjim to Belgaum in east,linking Goa to cities in the Deccan.The NH-17A connects NH-17 to Mormugoa Harbour from Cortalim,and the new NH-17B, is four lane highway connecting Mormugoa Harbour to NH-17B, is a four lane highway connecting Mormugoa Harbour to NH-17 at another location,Verna,via Dabolim airport Goa has a total of 224km(139mi) of National highway,232km(144mi) of state highway and 815km of district highway.Hired forms of transport include unmetered taxis,and, in unrabn areas,auto rickshaws.A unique from of transport in Goa is the Motorcycle taxi,operated by dricers who are locally called "pilots".These vehicles transport by flat-bottomed ferry boats,operated by the river navigation departments.
Rail:
Margoa railywaystation
Goa has two rail lines.one run by the south western Railway and the other by the Konkan Railway.The line run by the South Western Railway was built during the colonial era linking the port town of Vasco de Gama,Goa with Hubli,Karnataka via Margoa.The Konkan Railway line,which was built during the 1990's,runs parallel to the coast connecting major cities on the western coas.
Sea:
The Mormugoa harbour near the city of Vasco handles mineral ore,petroleum,coal and international containers.Much of the shipments consist of minerals and ores from Goa's hinterland Panjim, which is sitauted on the banks of Mandovi,also has minor port,which used to handle passenger steamers between Goa and Mumbai till the late 1980s.There was also a short-lived catamaran service linking Mumbai and Panaji operated by Damania Shipping in the 1990s.
Museums and science center:
Goa also has few museums,the two important ones being Goa state Museum and the Naval Aviation on Museum.The Aviation museum is the only one of its kind in the whole of Indisa.[citation nedded]Also,a place not well known to tourists is the Goa Science Center,which is located in Panjim.The National Institute of Oceanography(NIO)is also located in Goa at Dona Paula.
Goa is a Land Of Beaches:
Goa has many Beaches,Colva,Calunguati,Baga,Island beach etc.
Places Of Interest:
StAugustine Towes
Ancestral Goa-Loutuim
Churches
Mosques
Astronomical Observatory
Art & Museums
Temples
Flea Market
Nature-Wildlife/Enivironment
Forts
Beaches
Goan"Elegant"House
Spice Farm Ponda
Pumburpa spring
Towns/Cities/Villages:
Anjuna
Panji
Old Goa
Margoa
Mapusa
Daman&Diu
Dona Paula
Harmal(Arambol)
Santa Cruz
Goa Holiday Packages:
Goa Holiday Packages plz visit below the link
www.goa-tourism.com
Hotels In Goa Beaches In Goa:
Cheaper Hotel Resorts at Goa Beaches, plz visit the below
www.gogoa.com
Enjoy your Trip To Goa
Goa is India's smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population Located in South West India in the region Known as the Konkan, it is bounded by the state of Maharastra to the north, and by Karnataka to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its Western coast.Goa is India's richest state with a GDP per capita two and half times that of the country as a whole[3].It was ranked the best placed state bye the Elventh Finance Commision for its infrastructure and ranked on top for the best quality of life in India by the National Commission on population based on the 12 Indicators.[3]
PANAJI
Panaji is the state's capital, while Vasco da Gama is the largest city.The historic city of Margo still exhibits the cultural influence of the Portuguese, who first landed in the early 16th century as merchants and conquered it soon thereafter. The Portuguese overseas territory of Portuguese India existed for about 450 years until it was annexed by India in 1961[4][5].
Reowned for its beaches, places of worship and world heritage architecture, Goa is visited by large numbers of international and domestic tourists each year. It also has rich flora and fauna, owing to its location on the Western Ghats range, which is classified as a biodiversity hotspot contents
Etymology:
The name Goa came to European languauges from the portuguese, but its precise origin is unclear.In ancient literature, Goa was Known by many names such as Gomanta,Gomanchala, Gopakapattam,Gopakapuri,Govapuri,Govem, and Gomantak.The inian epic Mahabharata refers to the area now known as Goa, as Goparashtra or Govarashtra which means a nation of cowhers.Gopakapuri or Gopakapattanam were used in some ancient Sanskrit texts, and these names were also mentioned in other scared Hindu texts such as the Harivasa and the Skanda Purana.In the latter,Goa is also known as Aparantha, and is mentioned by the Greek geographer Ptolemy.The Greeks referred to Goa as Nelkinda in the 13th century. Some other historical names for Goa are Sindapur,Sandabur. and Mahassapatam.
HISTORY:
Goa's history stretches back to 8000-6000 BC.Early Paleolithic and Mesolithic rock art engraving have been found on the bank of river Kushavati at Usgalimal.Petroglyphs,cones,stone-axe,choppers dating back 10,000 years back have been found in many places in goa like Kaxur Mauxim and the Mandovi-Zuari basin Paleolithic cave existance is seen at Dabolim,Adkon,Shigoa,Fatorpa,Arli,Maulinguinim,Diwar,Sanguem,Pilerne,Aquem-Margoan etc.Difficulty in carbon dating the laterite rock compunds poses problems in determination of exact time period.These discoveries have shed light on Goa's prehistory.
Gold coins issued by the Kadamba king of Goa,Shivachitta Pramadideva.Circa 1147-1187 AD.
The Sumerians inhabited Goa around 220BC which was followed by several waves of Indo-Aryan people and the Dravidians from the Deccan.The early Goan society underwent radical changes when aboriginal locals and the migrants amalgamated,forming the base of early culture.
In 3rd century BC, it formed part of the Mauryan Empire,ruled by the Buddhist emperor,Ashoka of Magadha.Buddhist monks laid the foundation of Buddhism in Goa.Between the 2nd century BCE and the 6th century CE,Goa was ruled by the Chutus of Karwar as feudatories of the Satavahanas of Kolhapur(2nd century BCE to the 2nd Century CE), Western Kshatrapas(around 150CE), the Abhiras of Western Maharashtra,Bhojas of the Yadav clans of Gujarat, and the Konkan Mauryas of feudatories of the Kalachuris.
The rule later passed on to the Chalukyas of Badami, Who controlled it between 578 to 753, and later the Rashtrakutas of Malkhed from 753 to 963.However from 765 to 1015, the southern Silharas of Konkan ruled Goa as the feudatories of the Chalukyas and the Rashtrkutas over the next few centuries,Goa was successive ruled by the Kadambas as the feudatories of Chalukyas of Kalyani.They patronised Jainism in Goa.
In 1312,Goa came under the governance of the Delhi sultanate.However,the kingdom's grip on the region was weak, and by 1370 they were forced to surrneder it to Harihars-I of the Viajanagara empire.The Vijayanagara monarchs held on to the territory until 1469,when it was appropriated by the Bahmani sultans of Gulbarga.Afrer that dynasty crumbled, the area fell to the hands of Adil Shahis of Bijapur who established as their auxiliary capital the city known under the Portuguese as Velha Goa.
The Cathedral at Old Goa, an example of Portguese influnece
Coat of Arms of Goa as a Portuguese enclave 1935-1961
In 1510, the Portuguese defeated the ruling Bijapur kings with the help of lacal ally,Timayya,leading to the establishment of permanent settlement in Velha Goa(or Old Goa).
In 1843 the capital was moved to Panjim from Velha Goa. By the mid-18tj century the area under occupation had expanded to most of Goa's present day state limits.Simulataneously the Portuguese lost other Possessions in India until their borders stabilised and formed the Estado da India Portuguesa,Which Goa was the largest territory.
After India gained independence from the British in 1947,Portugal refused to negotiate with India on the transfer of sovereignty of their Indian enclaves.on 12 December 1961,the Indian Army commenced with Operation Vijay resulting in the annexation of Goa,Daman and Diu into the Indian Union.Goa, along with Daman and Diu was made into a centrally administered Union Territory of India On 30 May 1987,the Union Territory was split, and Goa was made India's twenty-fifth state,with Daman and Diu remaining Union Territories.
Goa's main rivers are the Mandovi,the Zuari,the Terekhol,Chapora River and the Sal.The Mormugoa harbour on the mouth of the River Zuari is one of the best natural harbours in SouthAsia.The Zuari and the Mandovi are the lifetimes of Goa,with their tributaries draining 69% of its geographic area.These rivers are some of the busiest rivers in India.Goa has more than forty estuarine,eight marine and about ninety riverine islands.The total navigable lenght of GOa's rivers is 253km(157miles).Goa has more than three hundred ancient tanks built during the rule of the Kadamba dynasty over hundred medicinal springs.
Air
Goa's sole airport,the Dabolim Airport,is both a military and civilian airport catering to domestic and international airlines that stop en route to other Indian destinations.Goa receives international flights from Qatar,Dubai,sharjah and Kuwait in the Middle East and from Britain,Germany,netherlands and Russia during the charter flight tourist season.Dabolim Airport is serviced and Russis during the charter flight tourist season.Dublin Airport is serviced by the following carriers-Air Arabia,Indian Airlines,Kingfisher Airlines,Go Air,SpiceJet,Jet Airways,Quatar Airways,besides charter flights from the UK,Netherlands,Russia,Germany operated by Thomas cook,Condor,Arkefly,Monarch Airlines etc.
Road:
Goa had two National Highways passing through it.NH-17 runs along India's west coast and links Goa to Mumbai in the north and Mangalore to the south NH-4A running across the state connects the capital Panjim to Belgaum in east,linking Goa to cities in the Deccan.The NH-17A connects NH-17 to Mormugoa Harbour from Cortalim,and the new NH-17B, is four lane highway connecting Mormugoa Harbour to NH-17B, is a four lane highway connecting Mormugoa Harbour to NH-17 at another location,Verna,via Dabolim airport Goa has a total of 224km(139mi) of National highway,232km(144mi) of state highway and 815km of district highway.Hired forms of transport include unmetered taxis,and, in unrabn areas,auto rickshaws.A unique from of transport in Goa is the Motorcycle taxi,operated by dricers who are locally called "pilots".These vehicles transport by flat-bottomed ferry boats,operated by the river navigation departments.
Rail:
Margoa railywaystation
Goa has two rail lines.one run by the south western Railway and the other by the Konkan Railway.The line run by the South Western Railway was built during the colonial era linking the port town of Vasco de Gama,Goa with Hubli,Karnataka via Margoa.The Konkan Railway line,which was built during the 1990's,runs parallel to the coast connecting major cities on the western coas.
Sea:
The Mormugoa harbour near the city of Vasco handles mineral ore,petroleum,coal and international containers.Much of the shipments consist of minerals and ores from Goa's hinterland Panjim, which is sitauted on the banks of Mandovi,also has minor port,which used to handle passenger steamers between Goa and Mumbai till the late 1980s.There was also a short-lived catamaran service linking Mumbai and Panaji operated by Damania Shipping in the 1990s.
Museums and science center:
Goa also has few museums,the two important ones being Goa state Museum and the Naval Aviation on Museum.The Aviation museum is the only one of its kind in the whole of Indisa.[citation nedded]Also,a place not well known to tourists is the Goa Science Center,which is located in Panjim.The National Institute of Oceanography(NIO)is also located in Goa at Dona Paula.
Goa is a Land Of Beaches:
Goa has many Beaches,Colva,Calunguati,Baga,Island beach etc.
Places Of Interest:
StAugustine Towes
Ancestral Goa-Loutuim
Churches
Mosques
Astronomical Observatory
Art & Museums
Temples
Flea Market
Nature-Wildlife/Enivironment
Forts
Beaches
Goan"Elegant"House
Spice Farm Ponda
Pumburpa spring
Towns/Cities/Villages:
Anjuna
Panji
Old Goa
Margoa
Mapusa
Daman&Diu
Dona Paula
Harmal(Arambol)
Santa Cruz
Goa Holiday Packages:
Goa Holiday Packages plz visit below the link
www.goa-tourism.com
Hotels In Goa Beaches In Goa:
Cheaper Hotel Resorts at Goa Beaches, plz visit the below
www.gogoa.com
Enjoy your Trip To Goa
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